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France

I wrote this in 2008 when this website was first set up and I was in my early days of researching this policy. In 2022, it seems little has changed. Policy is still trying to use mass surveillance to enforce against users. The arguments are similar. The difference is the scale.

Way back in 2008, the French government brought in a law for measures to enforce copyright, which was officially called the Creation and Internet law, but colloquially referred to as the Hadopi law ( loi Hadopi), and which was dubbed "3 strikes and you're out!" The idea was that warnings would be sent to thousands of users accused of copyright infringement (delivered by ISPs to their customers on behalf of the copyright owners) and penalties would include termination of Internet access. The proposals were first put forward by the 'Mission Olivennes', and commission headed by Denis Olivennes, former head of the French retail chain called the Fnac. The law passed through the French Parliament in 2009.

The Hadop was actually a government body charged with supervising the law. It was mandating changes to computer security software which effectively entail mass surveillance of Internet users. Those behind the measures were entertainment and music companies who own large libraries of copyright material. They sought to use online surveillance to look for users alleged to be downloading files without payment or permission.

My paper The French law on Creation and Internet - using contract law to squash file-sharing is available here.

If you like the articles in this section and you are interested in copyright enforcement policy and what happened to the Hadopi law, you may like my books A Copyright Masquerade: How Corporate Lobbying Threatens Online Freedoms and The Copyright Enforcement Enigma - Internet Politics and the 'Telecoms Package'

You may also like my book The Closing of the Net which positions the story of the Hadopi law in the wider policy context.

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The French ISP ‘Free' is being accused by the rights-holders  of an ‘unacceptable failure to co-operate' as it backs out of sending the first 3-strikes warning emails issued by the Hadopi..  

 

‘The French law implementing 3-strikes/graduated response measures - also known as the Hadopi law -  is being challenged before it has even got off the ground as the ISP ‘Free' backs out of an agreement and refuses to forward the warning emails to subscribers.

 

Free decided on Monday this week that it would not transmit the warning emails, which are the first stage of the 3-strikes process under French law. This appears to be a reversal of an agreement which it is understood was made with the French Culture

Read more: French ISP 'Free' risks fine over refusal to send 3-strikes emails

The Hadopi - the French authority which oversees the 3-strikes law - has released the draft text of the warning emails which will be sent to Internet users, starting over the next few days. The warning is designed remind users of what will happen to them if their Internet subscription is used to download copyright-infringing material.

The draft text is presented by the Hadopi as a formal letter, a pdf of a printed letter-head (and presumably to be sent as an attachment). It is addressed to the Internet subscriber (not necessarily the same person as the 'user') and contains all the legal requirements as set out under the French government's graduated response / 3-strikes measures: that you Internet access has been used to make available, reproduce or access cultural works protected by copyright without the permission of the rights-holders, and that this constitutes a legal infringement; that this action could have been

Read more: Hadopi's 3-strikes surveillance obligation revealed

Up to 1000 French Internet subscribers are to get warnings next week. They will be accused of downloading a file which is susceptible of containing copyrighted material, through an unprotected Internet access. The ISPs have mysteriously caved in,  under a possible secret deal with the French government.

 

The first warning emails under France's 3-strikes law are due to go out in the next few days. It follows a request this week by the Hadopi (the body which oversees the law)  for the contact details of Internet subscribers based on IP addresses supplied by the rights-holders.

According to reports in the French media, the exact number of addresses requested  is not clear - it is

Read more: Strike One: Hadopi fires the first shots

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About Iptegrity

Iptegrity.com is the website of Dr Monica Horten. I am an  independent policy advisor, with expertise in online safety, technology and human rights. I am a published author, and post-doctoral scholar. I hold a PhD from the University of Westminster, and a DipM from the Chartered Institute of Marketing. I cover the UK and EU. I'm a former tech journalist, and an experienced panelist and Chair. My media credits include the BBC, iNews, Times, Guardian and Politico.

Iptegrity.com is made available free of charge for non-commercial use. Please link back and attribute Dr Monica Horten.  Contact me to use any of my content for commercial purposes.  

The politics of copyright

A Copyright Masquerade - How corporate lobbying threatens online freedoms

'timely and provocative' Entertainment Law Review